Cochonilhaaustraliana(或Jaeria):你需要知道的一切

 Cochonilhaaustraliana(或Jaeria):你需要知道的一切

Charles Cook

虹膜炎是一种害虫,在春季、夏季和秋季袭击各种观赏植物、果树和棕榈树。

俗称: 伊丝丽雅,澳大利亚蛤蚧,粉虱,棉铃虫,白粉虱。

学名 : 购房者 马斯凯尔( 购买的产品 面罩)

特点

这种害虫在1845-1896年间在葡萄牙的进口金合欢标本上被报告,然后传播到里斯本地区的橘子园,但也可能通过美国传到亚速尔群岛。

成年雌性有一个椭圆形,腹相扁平,背相凸起。 它的颜色是橙紫色的,背相上有几个黑点。

0.5-1毫米长的幼虫较红,有腿、长触角和黑色,但加上卵巢,蛤蚧的长度约为6-10毫米。

生物周期

雌性是雌雄同体(自我繁殖),一段时间后,她用蜡覆盖自己,形成卵囊(ovissac),从二月开始。 在产卵之前,她会分泌一种蜜汁。

这种物质以大的白色、半不透明的块状形式凝结,粘在身体上完全覆盖。

形成的袋子呈圆柱形,颜色为白色,有15-16条纵向沟槽,使其具有波纹状的外观。 这些袋子可以保护400-800个鸡蛋(它们看起来像细小的红沙粒),避免受热和下雨等。

幼虫经历了三个阶段:

  • 在第1天,幼虫出生并在卵囊中停留两天。
  • 然后它迅速移动到宿主植物上方,附着在叶子的背面,靠近中轴神经或分支,并经历一个持续约一个月的生长和进食期(第一和第二阶段)。
  • 在第三阶段,幼虫移动到叶柄和嫩叶上,喂养12-20天。

最后,我们到达雌性成虫阶段,它从植物的外围移动到内部,附着在树干的木质部分,在那里觅食和产卵,死后附着在被寄生的器官上(从卵到成虫,大约需要三个月)。

在葡萄牙,从2月初到11月,他们设法发展2-4代/年。

更加敏感的植物

柑橘类水果、金合欢、草莓树、菊花、扫帚树、无花果树、常春藤、月桂树、棕榈树、阿勒颇松、火棘、玫瑰花丛、黑莓树、戈尔兹花丛、藤蔓、含羞草、天竺葵、莎草、迷迭香和许多其他观赏植物。

损害

由于吸食树液而使植物变弱,用它的唾液毒素 "毒害 "植物。 它分泌的蜜汁产生富马酸,使叶子覆盖成黑色,影响光合作用过程。 植物变得非常虚弱,减少产量,甚至可能死亡。

See_also: 山茶花:护理指南

生物控制

预防/农业方面: 进行修剪,以利于树冠内的光照和空气流通;清理或消除受感染最严重的枝条(从二月开始);尽可能减少氮肥。

生物化学战: 喷洒矿物油(夏季油)可以阻止产卵,应在冬季(11月至2月)进行。 应用印楝(天然来源的物质),对这种害虫有很强的驱避作用,以及除虫菊酯(从除虫菊中提取)。 这些处理应从3月开始,用钾皂和荨麻浸渍剂进行。

生物学的斗争: 维达利亚(澳大利亚瓢虫)与瓢虫非常相似( 卡迪纳利娅(Rodolia Cardinalis) 脉冲或 红豆杉(Vedalia cardinalis )用来对付这种害虫(50只幼虫/25-30棵被感染的树木);在正常情况下,它存在于自然界,不需要引进。

它以卵和幼虫为食。蚂蚁会传播黄疸病,因此应首先打击蚂蚁。

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See_also: 西葫芦:技巧和小知识

Charles Cook

Charles Cook is a passionate horticulturist, blogger, and avid plant lover, dedicated to sharing his knowledge and love for gardens, plants, and decoration. With over two decades of experience in the field, Charles has honed his expertise and turned his passion into a career.Growing up on a farm, surrounded by lush greenery, Charles developed a deep appreciation for nature's beauty from an early age. He would spend hours exploring the vast fields and tending to various plants, nurturing a love for gardening that would follow him throughout his life.After graduating with a degree in horticulture from a prestigious university, Charles embarked on his professional journey, working in various botanical gardens and nurseries. This invaluable hands-on experience allowed him to gain a deep understanding of different plant species, their unique requirements, and the art of landscape design.Recognizing the power of online platforms, Charles decided to start his blog, offering a virtual space for fellow garden enthusiasts to gather, learn, and find inspiration. His engaging and informative blog, filled with captivating videos, helpful tips, and the latest news, has garnered a loyal following from gardeners of all levels.Charles believes that a garden is not just a collection of plants, but a living, breathing sanctuary that can bring joy, tranquility, and connection to nature. Heendeavors to unravel the secrets of successful gardening, providing practical advice on plant care, design principles, and innovative decoration ideas.Beyond his blog, Charles frequently collaborates with gardening professionals, participates in workshops and conferences, and even contributes articles to prominent gardening publications. His passion for gardens and plants knows no bounds, and he tirelessly seeks to expand his knowledge, always striving to bring fresh and exciting content to his readers.Through his blog, Charles aims to inspire and encourage others to unlock their own green thumbs, believing that anyone can create a beautiful, thriving garden with the right guidance and a sprinkle of creativity. His warm and genuine writing style, coupled with his wealth of expertise, ensures that readers will be enthralled and empowered to embark on their own garden adventures.When Charles isn't busy tending to his own garden or sharing his expertise online, he enjoys exploring botanical gardens around the world, capturing the beauty of flora through his camera lens. With a deep-rooted commitment to nature conservation, he actively advocates for sustainable gardening practices, cultivating an appreciation for the fragile ecosystem we inhabit.Charles Cook, a true plant aficionado, invites you to join him on a journey of discovery, as he opens the doors to the captivatingworld of gardens, plants, and decoration through his captivating blog and enchanting videos.