>C. japonica, Augusto Leal de Gouveia Pinto: ubaxyo ka soo jeeda geed isku mid ah, oo leh midabyo kala duwan: caadi, casaan, casaan khafiif ah iyo caddaan

Baro sababta kala duwanaanshaha midabka ubaxa camellia, inta badan geed isku mid ah.

Sidoo kale eeg: Baro luqadda ubaxyada

Camellias waxay ka tirsan yihiin qoyska Theaceae (ee Teaceae ama Cameliaceae) iyo, dhexdeeda, cirifka Camellia.

Cirka Camellia >

Waxay ka kooban tahay qiyaastii saddex boqol oo nooc , kuwaas oo ay ugu badan yihiin wakiillada geedka shaaha ( Camellia sinensis ) iyo noocyada qurxinta ( Camellia japonica, Camellia sasanqua iyo Camellia). reticulata iyo, ilaa heer ka yar xiisaha, Camellia saluenensis; Camellia chrysantha iyo Camellia oleifera ). .

Camellia japonica , (tsubaki, oo Jabbaan ah, oo macnaheedu yahay geed leh caleemo dhalaalaysa) iyo Camellia sasanqua Noocyada qurxinta ee hadda jira.

Cirka Camellia waxa lagu gartaa inay ka mid yihiin geed geedo yaryar ah ama noocyo geedo ah oo cabbirkoodu dhexdhexaad yahay, oo leh caleemo kale; maqaar, madow, dhalaalaysa, oo dhogor gaaban leh, ubaxyo leh pentamerous, calyx spiral iyo corolla, tufaaxdu waa dhuxul yar oo salka ku haysa.

Sidoo kale akhri maqaalka Tarankiisageela

C. japonica , Augusto Leal de Gouveia Pinto: midabka caadiga ah, laakiin ubaxa dhinaca bidix wuxuu leeyahay xariijimo cas

Midabada ubaxyada camellia

Ubax, marka loo eego noocyada kala duwan ee la beeray, waxay leeyihiin midabyo kala duwan ama hadh: cad, casaan, casaan, madow, violet ama huruud ah, oo kala duwan cabbirkoodu ka yar yahay 5 cm ilaa in ka badan 12.5 cm dhexroor. ubax leh dhammaan kala duwan hadh , tusaale ahaan, caddaan iyo kuwa kale casaan ama casaan, iyo xataa xariijimo, xariijimo, xariijimo, xariijimo, marbleed ama kala duwan.

Sidoo kale eeg: geed tufaax ah

Sababta. Kala duwanaanshaha ubaxyada geela

Laba sababood oo asaasi ah ayaa caddaynaya ifafaalaha kala duwanaanshaha ubaxyada geela: kala duwanaanshaha hidde-sideyaasha iyo caabuqa fayraska.

muuqaalka wasakhda, xariijimaha, daloolka ama isbeddelka midabka caleemaha.

Infekshanka fayrasku wuxuu kaloo keenaa khalkhal ku yimaada xoogga geedka; laakiin sidoo kale waa run in nuance ka soo baxday ay bixisay noocyo aad u qiimo badan, sida japonica camellia "Ville de Nantes".

Sidoo kale waxaa jira geel cusub oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda isbeddello iskiis ah, oo saameyn ku leh midabka ama muuqaalka. hab, iyadoo loo marayo habab ay aad u adag tahay in la sharaxo oo la xidhiidhaHorumarka nooca laftiisa.

Waxay ku jiraan laamo leh ubaxyo qaabab iyo midabyo kala duwan leh waxay ku wada noolaan karaan geedka laftiisa. mararka qaarkood ) iyaga oo isticmaalaya hab daaqsin ah (isugeynta), noocyo cusub oo lagu beeray sifooyin si fiican u go'an sannadihii la soo dhaafay. pinto: ubax leh xariijimo keliya C. japonica , Augusto Leal de Gouveia Pinto: qayb ahaan ubax guduudan

Kala duwanaanshaha hidda-socodka

Cirka Camellia , waxaa jira ilaa saddex boqol oo nooc, kuwaas oo lagu soo rogay isku-dhafka joogtada ah. , dabiici ah ama la soo jiidan

Cirka Camellia , tirada koromosoomyada saxda ah waa 30, 15 waa tirada aasaasiga ah ee koromosoomyada (n) ee ku jira gametes ama unugyada taranka

4> Unugyadan taranka (labka iyo dheddigga), kuwaas oo ka kooban hal unug oo koromosoom (n), waxa loo yaqaan haploid Waxaa lagu sameeyay habka loo yaqaan gametogenesis.

Gametogenesis-ka, habka muhiimka ah ee qaybinta unugyada ayaa caadi ahaan dhacda, oo loo yaqaan meiosis ama dhimista koromosoomyada (meiosis I iyo meiosis II), kaas oo loo maro unug somatic (2n), marka loo beddelo unuggalmada, asal ahaan afar unug haploid ah (n), kala badh tirada koromosoomyada ku habboon noocyada, sidaas darteed mid cusub (2n) ayaa ka soo bixi doona iyada oo la midoobaya unug kale oo galmo.

Dhulka boqortooyada, habkan Had iyo jeer kuma shaqeeyo habkan: mararka qaarkood, hoos u dhaca koromosoomyada ee aan soo sheegnay ma dhaco (gametes aan la dhimin), taasoo keenta shakhsiyaadka polyploid (Xn), kuwaas oo leh wax ka badan laba qaybood oo koromosoom ah (genomes), kaas oo ka kooban farsamo cusub oo loo yaqaan polyploidy.

Sidoo kale akhri maqaalka Camellia: hagaha daryeelka

Polyploidy, taas oo ah, jiritaanka in ka badan laba genome oo isku mid ah, oo ka mid ah dhacdooyinka caadiga ah ee dhirta, ayaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu cajiibsan. Hababka evolutionary ee asalka iyo horumarka dhirta duurjoogta ah iyo kuwa la beeray.

Ilaa boqolkiiba 40 noocyada dhirta la beeray waa polyploid, ka dhashay gametes aan la dhimin ama iyada oo laga gudbayo shakhsiyaadka noocyada kala duwan.

Maaddaama noocyada badankoodu aysan is-waafajin karin, Dabeecadda waxay u dalxiistaa isdhaafsi-pollination, waana sababta triploid, tetraploid, pentaploid, hexaploid, heptaploid iyo octaploid foomamka isku-dhafka ah ay si kedis ah u dhacaan. .

Aqoonta hababkan ee dhirta la beeray ayaa keentay in cilmi-baarayaashu ay dhiirigeliyaanpolyploidy ee hiddaha Camellia iyadoo la isticmaalayo kiimikooyin gaar ah sida colchicine. Maadaama noocyada polyploid ay guud ahaan ka weyn yihiin kana badan yihiin wax soo saar badan.

Qodobadani waa kuwo khuseeya oo farsamooyinka ayaa si guul leh loo isticmaalay, tusaale ahaan, helitaanka dhirta shaaha ee caleemaha waaweyn (si loo kordhiyo heerarka wax soo saarka halkii hektar), geela qurxinta. (kordhinta xajmiga ubaxa) iyo saliidda geela (kordhinta wax-soo-saarka saliidda).