旱地花园:如何做到这一点

 旱地花园:如何做到这一点

Charles Cook
Euphorbia dendroides 在夏季

了解如何减少维护和水的消耗,将你的花园转变为一个更可持续的空间。

See_also: 关于东方芥末的一切

干式花园是一个很少(如果有的话)浇水的花园,因此应注意选择适应地中海地区干燥夏季的植物。

为什么要创建一个旱地花园

主要原因是缺水,水是一种珍贵的自然资源,可能会变得越来越稀缺(而且更昂贵);我们知道,气候变化正在使我们星球的部分地区在夏季变得更热和更干燥。

另一个原因是:干式花园是地中海自然环境的一部分,一年四季看起来都很美。

在干燥花园中生长的植物

有大量的植物可以在没有水的情况下生存,无论是乔木、灌木、攀缘植物、芳香植物、球茎、一年生或多年生草本植物。 在许多具有地中海气候的地区以及其他同样非常干燥的地区,有数以千计的本土植物能够很好地适应夏季的高温和缺水条件。

你应该知道,有的耐旱植物也耐霜冻,有的不耐霜冻。如果你所在的地区有霜冻,你应该选择最抗冻的植物。

地中海植物在夏季没有水时如何生存?

一旦蒸发结束,球茎和春天的一年生植物要么消失在地下,要么产生种子,当夏天的热量开始上升时,它们就会死亡。 地中海植物能够抵御高温,因为它们的生长时间是在秋天、冬天和春天,那时通常会下雨。

许多植物的叶子是革质的、有光泽的、被毛发覆盖的,颜色可能是银灰色的,这样可以最大限度地减少叶子的蒸发。

叶子形状、颜色和纹理的多样性意味着许多地中海植物即使不在室内也有观赏价值。

See_also: 20 关于兰花的奇闻轶事 凤仙花 (Phlomis purpurea)

如何浇水

一些气候干燥的植物如果在夏天浇水,会很快枯萎死亡。 其他植物的寿命会比不浇水的植物少。 有一些植物即使浇水也能保持良好的生存状态。

一旦建立起来,许多干燥气候的植物在夏季不需要任何水。 如果浇水充足但不频繁,例如每月一次,其他植物将生长得最好。

需要注意的是,在种植后的第一年,在某些情况下直到第二个夏天,由于植物没有很好地扎根,需要每两三周浇一次透水。

鹤顶红 空壳

不经常深层浇水

这是浇灌地中海气候植物的正确方法。 多次给它们浇水比频繁地给它们浇水太少有很多好处。

主要原因是,经常浇水的植物水少,在土壤表面附近形成根系,而那些浇水次数少但水多的植物则渗透到土壤深处,使植物形成深根。

锥子花

这样,它们就能更好地抵御旱季。 深入浇水的一个好方法是在植物(或植物群)周围做一个约20厘米深的槽。 接下来,将水完全注入槽内,然后让水慢慢被土壤吸收。

夏季落叶植物:没有叶子但仍然活着

一些地中海植物在夏季进入休眠状态,只要不灌溉,就会失去所有的叶子(这种现象的例子是Arboreal lucerne ( 麦饭石(Medicago arborea) )和白海鲷( 琉璃苣属植物 )和一些优柔寡断的植物( Euphorbia dendroides ).

虽然它们可能看起来已经死了,但它们是活的,只要秋天的第一场雨开始,新叶就会开始生长。

覆盖物 有机

有用的提示:

  • 在秋季种植

因此,年轻的植物在其第一个生长季节可以从冬季的雨水中获益。

  • 购买健康状况良好的植物

购买植物时,选择你打算种植的物种中的小而健壮的植物,而不是屈从于购买已经很大的植物的诱惑,并在充分的floração。

检验根系,并将植物从盆中翻出来,检查根系是否处于良好状态。 买小的植物会更好、更快地建立自己,几年后会达到比大植物更大的尺寸。

观看视频: 旱生植物,在花园中节约用水

  • 排水

来自干燥气候的植物讨厌在冬天总是湿漉漉的 "脚",所以你需要为它们提供排水良好的土壤。 为确保土壤不重不密,应将其与大量的粗砂和/或砾石混合。

  • 不要让水从土壤表面蒸发掉

  1. 为了防止 当表面水分蒸发后,用厚厚的一层(至少10厘米)有机或无机地膜、表土和/或卵石覆盖土壤。
  2. 无机覆盖物: 它可以是碎石或砾石,其优点是已经有足够的排水性,因此对冬季不耐受大量水的植物来说是可取的。 许多源自地中海山坡石质土壤的植物都习惯于这种类型的土壤。
  3. 有机地膜: 你也可以选择放一层至少10厘米的木屑、碎叶、松树皮等。

请参考地中海气候植物和花园协会的网站:www.mediterraneangardeningportugal.org。

照片:Rosie Peddle

Charles Cook

Charles Cook is a passionate horticulturist, blogger, and avid plant lover, dedicated to sharing his knowledge and love for gardens, plants, and decoration. With over two decades of experience in the field, Charles has honed his expertise and turned his passion into a career.Growing up on a farm, surrounded by lush greenery, Charles developed a deep appreciation for nature's beauty from an early age. He would spend hours exploring the vast fields and tending to various plants, nurturing a love for gardening that would follow him throughout his life.After graduating with a degree in horticulture from a prestigious university, Charles embarked on his professional journey, working in various botanical gardens and nurseries. This invaluable hands-on experience allowed him to gain a deep understanding of different plant species, their unique requirements, and the art of landscape design.Recognizing the power of online platforms, Charles decided to start his blog, offering a virtual space for fellow garden enthusiasts to gather, learn, and find inspiration. His engaging and informative blog, filled with captivating videos, helpful tips, and the latest news, has garnered a loyal following from gardeners of all levels.Charles believes that a garden is not just a collection of plants, but a living, breathing sanctuary that can bring joy, tranquility, and connection to nature. Heendeavors to unravel the secrets of successful gardening, providing practical advice on plant care, design principles, and innovative decoration ideas.Beyond his blog, Charles frequently collaborates with gardening professionals, participates in workshops and conferences, and even contributes articles to prominent gardening publications. His passion for gardens and plants knows no bounds, and he tirelessly seeks to expand his knowledge, always striving to bring fresh and exciting content to his readers.Through his blog, Charles aims to inspire and encourage others to unlock their own green thumbs, believing that anyone can create a beautiful, thriving garden with the right guidance and a sprinkle of creativity. His warm and genuine writing style, coupled with his wealth of expertise, ensures that readers will be enthralled and empowered to embark on their own garden adventures.When Charles isn't busy tending to his own garden or sharing his expertise online, he enjoys exploring botanical gardens around the world, capturing the beauty of flora through his camera lens. With a deep-rooted commitment to nature conservation, he actively advocates for sustainable gardening practices, cultivating an appreciation for the fragile ecosystem we inhabit.Charles Cook, a true plant aficionado, invites you to join him on a journey of discovery, as he opens the doors to the captivatingworld of gardens, plants, and decoration through his captivating blog and enchanting videos.