本月蔬菜:卷心菜

 本月蔬菜:卷心菜

Charles Cook

它们的特点是形成一个 "球 "或卷心菜,包括各种类型的卷心菜,如白菜、甘蓝、红菜和咸菜。

22千卡/100克

所谓 "卷心菜 "的特点是形成一个 "球 "或卷心菜,包括甘蓝、白菜、羽衣甘蓝、红菜和萨瓦菜。

它们属于植物学上的十字花科,物种为 芥菜类 和品种: 帽状体 (大白菜、白菜、红菜)和 萨巴达 (Savoy cabbage)。

它们含有丰富的矿物质,即钙、铁、镁和钾,以及维生素,主要是维生素A和维生素C,还含有丰富的蛋白质,食用它们对影响消化系统的某些类型的癌症有预防作用。

技术数据表

高度: 40-50厘米。

播种季节: 春季白菜:夏季播种于苗圃,秋季移植,春季收获。 夏秋白菜:春夏季播种于苗圃,春夏季移植,夏秋季收获。 冬季白菜:春夏季播种于苗圃,夏季移植,秋季收获。

建议的种植地点: 它们喜欢中等至细质(粘土)的土壤,只要排水良好,适合在夏秋季节种植。 它们可以在阳台上种植,放在盆里,只要至少有40厘米深。 它们需要几个小时的直接阳光。

维护: 它们相对耐旱,但需要定期浇水,因为它们的根系很浅。

最佳的生长条件

它们喜欢中等至细质(粘土)的土壤,只要排水良好,适合在夏秋季节栽种。

在变暖的沙质土壤上,应该在冬春季节种植,因为高温会破坏白菜的形状和坚固性。

通过在前一季施用丰富的有机物(在土壤中播种和归还绿肥作物或施用堆肥、粪便或其他有机物矫正剂)来赋予土壤结构是非常重要的,特别是在沙质土壤的情况下。

如果你的菜园容易积水,那么就把白菜种在高高的花坛里,花坛里有一个或几个人。

两行。

它们在酸性土壤中表现不佳,在那里它们可能会受到一种被称为 "疝气 "或 "丝虫 "的疾病的侵害。

对土壤进行分析,如果土壤是酸性的,建议根据建议添加石灰来纠正它。

分析。

See_also: 植物A到Z: Fatsia japonica

卷心菜非常 "贪吃",因此在种植前应该用堆肥或有机肥进行大量施肥。 在生长期间,也应该添加堆肥或有机肥,以保持良好的营养供应,这是良好生产所不可缺少的。

它们可以种植在阳台上,在花盆里,只要它们至少有40厘米深。

播种

卷心菜在苗圃中播种,用盘子、盆子或模块,深度为种子大小的2-3倍。

重要的是,地面先前已被翻耕到一定深度,并施以大量的堆肥。

卷心菜一年四季都可以种植:

春天的卷心菜: 它们夏季在苗圃中播种,秋季移植,春季收割;

夏-秋白菜: 它们在春季/夏季的苗圃中播种,在春夏时节移植,在夏秋时节收获;

冬季卷心菜: 它们在春夏之交的苗圃中播种,在夏季进行移植,在秋季收获。

有利的轮换和联营

作为需要养分的作物,卷心菜通常是轮流种植的对象。 至少要轮流种植一次

由于健康原因,5年。

See_also: 花椰菜沙拉配水果和蔬菜

要避免的文化先例: 南瓜、芹菜、胡萝卜、豆类、甜瓜、黄瓜、西红柿、萝卜、其他黄铜类植物(白菜、西兰花等)。

有利的文化先例: 大蒜、韭菜、洋葱、菠菜。

有利的关联: 芥菜、芹菜、生菜、韭菜、马铃薯、甜菜、豌豆、菠菜、跑马豆、辣根、萝卜、番茄。

百里香:驱赶白菜蝇;

牛膝草和薄荷(在山脊的边界):击退阿提卡;

芹菜:驱赶白菜叶毛虫;

迷迭香、牛膝草和鼠尾草(在花坛的边界):驱赶白菜叶毛虫;

白或红三叶草:驱除蚜虫和毛虫;

要避免的关联: 洋葱和草莓。

文化关怀

卷心菜相对耐旱,但需要定期浇水,因为它们的根系很浅。

应注意除掉不定型杂草,特别是在白菜很小、竞争能力较弱的时候,这将损害作物的活力和生产力。

在土壤上覆盖一层稻草或其他覆盖物,以防止杂草生长并保持水分,特别是在春季,这是非常有用的。

使用物理屏障阻止昆虫通过(热毯,以覆盖作物)是控制害虫的有效手段,如粉虱、菜蝇、醋酸蝇、蚜虫、毛虫等。

收获和保护

春天的卷心菜可以在卷心菜成型前或完全长成后收获,应迅速食用。 收获时,用一把锋利的刀在茎的基部切开,或拔出根部(然后切开并放在堆肥中)。

秋冬卷心菜可以晚点收获,储存在架子上或网兜里,放在阴凉处,可以保存一段时间。

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Charles Cook

Charles Cook is a passionate horticulturist, blogger, and avid plant lover, dedicated to sharing his knowledge and love for gardens, plants, and decoration. With over two decades of experience in the field, Charles has honed his expertise and turned his passion into a career.Growing up on a farm, surrounded by lush greenery, Charles developed a deep appreciation for nature's beauty from an early age. He would spend hours exploring the vast fields and tending to various plants, nurturing a love for gardening that would follow him throughout his life.After graduating with a degree in horticulture from a prestigious university, Charles embarked on his professional journey, working in various botanical gardens and nurseries. This invaluable hands-on experience allowed him to gain a deep understanding of different plant species, their unique requirements, and the art of landscape design.Recognizing the power of online platforms, Charles decided to start his blog, offering a virtual space for fellow garden enthusiasts to gather, learn, and find inspiration. His engaging and informative blog, filled with captivating videos, helpful tips, and the latest news, has garnered a loyal following from gardeners of all levels.Charles believes that a garden is not just a collection of plants, but a living, breathing sanctuary that can bring joy, tranquility, and connection to nature. Heendeavors to unravel the secrets of successful gardening, providing practical advice on plant care, design principles, and innovative decoration ideas.Beyond his blog, Charles frequently collaborates with gardening professionals, participates in workshops and conferences, and even contributes articles to prominent gardening publications. His passion for gardens and plants knows no bounds, and he tirelessly seeks to expand his knowledge, always striving to bring fresh and exciting content to his readers.Through his blog, Charles aims to inspire and encourage others to unlock their own green thumbs, believing that anyone can create a beautiful, thriving garden with the right guidance and a sprinkle of creativity. His warm and genuine writing style, coupled with his wealth of expertise, ensures that readers will be enthralled and empowered to embark on their own garden adventures.When Charles isn't busy tending to his own garden or sharing his expertise online, he enjoys exploring botanical gardens around the world, capturing the beauty of flora through his camera lens. With a deep-rooted commitment to nature conservation, he actively advocates for sustainable gardening practices, cultivating an appreciation for the fragile ecosystem we inhabit.Charles Cook, a true plant aficionado, invites you to join him on a journey of discovery, as he opens the doors to the captivatingworld of gardens, plants, and decoration through his captivating blog and enchanting videos.