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Charles Cook

了解如何种植猕猴桃,这种蔬菜也被称为非洲黄瓜或小黄瓜。

环境条件

地面 喜欢黄土、粘土、沙土、肥沃(富含腐殖质)、湿润(凉爽)和排水良好的土壤。 理想的pH值为6.0-7.0。

气候区 : 温带、亚热带和热带。

温度 : 最佳温度:20-30℃,最低温度:11℃,最高温度:35℃。

发展停滞 : 8-10 °C.

土壤温度 : 16-22 °C.

太阳照射 全日照,半遮荫。

最佳的相对湿度 :60-70%(必须高)。

年降雨量 :平均应该是1300-1500毫米。

灌溉 :3-4升/天或350-600立方米/公顷。

海拔高度 海拔210-1800米。

受精

受精 用充分分解的鸡、羊或牛的粪便和鸟粪、堆肥、灰烬、鸽子粪。 稀释好的牛粪浆可以浇灌。

绿肥 营养需求:2:1:2(氮:磷:钾)+ Ca

技术数据

通用名称 : 猕猴桃,角质黄瓜,果冻瓜,非洲黄瓜,基诺,角质。

学名 : 小黄瓜 E.H. may ex schrad ( 黄瓜 kotschy)。

See_also: 丁香花:用于绿篱的完美植物

来源 塞内加尔、索马里、纳米比亚、南非、尼日利亚、也门和非洲津巴布韦的卡拉哈里沙漠。

家庭 分类:葫芦科。

特点 茎是草质的,覆盖着坚硬的棕毛,攀援或匍匐(长度可达1.5-3米),有卷须。 叶子是三叶的,宽度可达7.5厘米,边缘有齿。 种子长5-8毫米,卵圆形。

历史事实 在非洲津巴布韦的卡拉里沙漠中,这种植物往往是动物的唯一水源。 新西兰是世界上的主要生产国。 在葡萄牙和意大利,这种水果的生产已经具有一定的质量。

授粉/受精 :黄花有雄性和雌性之分,都在同一株植物上,在初夏出现。

生物周期 :年度。

最广泛种植的品种 :本种没有已知的栽培品种,大多数种植者只提到'Cuk-Asaurus'栽培品种。

可食用部分 果实呈椭圆形-圆柱形,直径6-10厘米,长10-15厘米,呈深绿色或橙色,重200-250克。 猕猴桃的果肉是绿色的,有白色的、类似黄瓜的种子。 它的味道与黄瓜、香蕉和菠萝相似。

栽培技术

土壤准备 :在秋季和春季彻底犁地,彻底耕作土壤,建造床铺,略微提高。

种植/播种的日期 四月至五月。

种植/播种的类型 在托盘中或直接用种子(在盆或沟中),应通过浸泡15-24小时进行预发芽。

紧急情况 在22-30°C的条件下,直接在地下放置5-9天。

发芽期(年) : 5-6年。

深度 :2-2.5厘米。

指南针 : 同行1-1.5米x行间1.5-2米。

移植 当植物有3-4片叶子时。

协会 芹菜、洋葱、卷心菜、豌豆、豆类、生菜和萝卜。

轮换 :3-4年内不应该回到同一地点,它可能会在豆类植物之后出现。

ǞǞǞ 放置桩子(杆子2-2.5米长),间距45厘米的铁丝或宽网;锄草;行间铺好地膜。

浇水 一滴一滴。

专家建议

我建议你在花园里为这些水果保留一个小空间,就在吊床旁边,只在春夏季节,然后你可以在初秋收获它们。

昆虫学和植物病理学

虫害 :螨虫、蚜虫、蛲虫、粉虱、潜叶虫、蓟马、蛞蝓和蜗牛(当它们是小植物时)、鸟类和线虫。

疾病 灰腐病、白粉病、霜霉病、镰刀菌、炭疽病、交流病和各种病毒病。

事故 对盐度敏感。

收获和使用

何时收割 :一旦猕猴桃变大或呈黄橙色,在8月至10月期间,储存时必须小心,以免穗状物穿透果实的表皮。 植株通常会变成褐色并死亡,但果实往往还在。

See_also: 对你的花园友好的动物

生产 :10-46吨/公顷/年的果实,或每株15-66个果实,取决于地点。

储存条件 如果外皮没有缺陷,它们可以在室温(20-22 ºC)和85-90%的相对湿度下保持3-5个月。

消费的季节 :最好在秋季食用(在葡萄牙)。

营养价值 :含有大量的水和一些维生素C、钙、镁、磷和钾。

用途 :作为水果或沙拉生吃,比黄瓜更美味、更清爽。 它还可以做成腌菜、与其他水果混合的冰糕以及果酱。 叶子可以像菠菜一样享用和烹饪。

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Charles Cook

Charles Cook is a passionate horticulturist, blogger, and avid plant lover, dedicated to sharing his knowledge and love for gardens, plants, and decoration. With over two decades of experience in the field, Charles has honed his expertise and turned his passion into a career.Growing up on a farm, surrounded by lush greenery, Charles developed a deep appreciation for nature's beauty from an early age. He would spend hours exploring the vast fields and tending to various plants, nurturing a love for gardening that would follow him throughout his life.After graduating with a degree in horticulture from a prestigious university, Charles embarked on his professional journey, working in various botanical gardens and nurseries. This invaluable hands-on experience allowed him to gain a deep understanding of different plant species, their unique requirements, and the art of landscape design.Recognizing the power of online platforms, Charles decided to start his blog, offering a virtual space for fellow garden enthusiasts to gather, learn, and find inspiration. His engaging and informative blog, filled with captivating videos, helpful tips, and the latest news, has garnered a loyal following from gardeners of all levels.Charles believes that a garden is not just a collection of plants, but a living, breathing sanctuary that can bring joy, tranquility, and connection to nature. Heendeavors to unravel the secrets of successful gardening, providing practical advice on plant care, design principles, and innovative decoration ideas.Beyond his blog, Charles frequently collaborates with gardening professionals, participates in workshops and conferences, and even contributes articles to prominent gardening publications. His passion for gardens and plants knows no bounds, and he tirelessly seeks to expand his knowledge, always striving to bring fresh and exciting content to his readers.Through his blog, Charles aims to inspire and encourage others to unlock their own green thumbs, believing that anyone can create a beautiful, thriving garden with the right guidance and a sprinkle of creativity. His warm and genuine writing style, coupled with his wealth of expertise, ensures that readers will be enthralled and empowered to embark on their own garden adventures.When Charles isn't busy tending to his own garden or sharing his expertise online, he enjoys exploring botanical gardens around the world, capturing the beauty of flora through his camera lens. With a deep-rooted commitment to nature conservation, he actively advocates for sustainable gardening practices, cultivating an appreciation for the fragile ecosystem we inhabit.Charles Cook, a true plant aficionado, invites you to join him on a journey of discovery, as he opens the doors to the captivatingworld of gardens, plants, and decoration through his captivating blog and enchanting videos.