有机百里香的种植

 有机百里香的种植

Charles Cook

O 百里香 了解有关这种植物的所有信息:从其历史、最适合其发展的条件和栽培技术到其用途。

俗称: 百里香、冬季百里香、百里香和百里香。

学名: Thymus vulgaris L,来自希腊语 "Thymos",指香水,"vulgaris",意思是它经常出现。

See_also: 木槿花蛋糕

资料来源: 地中海欧洲到意大利南部。

家庭: Labiadas。

特点: 一种常绿、木质、芳香的常绿植物,高10-50厘米,有许多木质、直立、紧凑的枝条。 叶子是单叶,非常小,椭圆状披针形,非常芳香。 花很多,可以是白色或粉红色的淡紫色、紫色或粉白色的。

施肥/开花: 花朵从三月到五月出现。

历史事实: 另一种观点告诉我们,在希腊语中,"thymos "这个词的意思是勇气。 这个物种被认为是神圣的,它的香水被说成是 "宙斯的气息"。 对于萨勒诺学派的医生来说,直接呼吸植物的香水是对抗抑郁症的最佳疗法。 这种植物的药用价值很高,从15世纪到17世纪,它被用来对付害虫,在西班牙和法国是百里香叶子和精油的主要供应国,直到第一次世界大战(精油是战斗中使用的一种抗寒剂)。

生物循环: 多年生植物(在第4年更新)。

最广泛种植的品种: 百里香有许多品种,但 "普通 "和 "冬季 "或 "德国 "百里香是使用最广泛的。

使用的部分: 叶子和花。

环境条件

土壤: 它喜欢白垩质、沙质、轻质、多孔、排水、有小石头的干燥土壤。 pH值应在6-7之间。

气候区: 温带温暖,温带,亚热带。

温度: 最佳:15-20ºC 最小:-15ºC 最大:50ºC 开发停止:-20ºC。

阳光照射: 全日照或半遮荫。

相对湿度: 它应该是低度或中度。

降水: 在冬季/春季,它不应该太高。

海拔高度: 从0-1,800米。

受精

受精: 绵羊和牛粪,充分分解,用牛粪浆浇灌。 但这种作物要求不高。

绿肥: 油菜、大田豆、苜蓿和芥菜。

营养需求: 2:1:3(磷氮:钾)。

栽培技术

土壤准备: 土壤被耙碎,以打碎土壤。

种植/播种的日期: 早春。

乘法: 通过播种(发芽需要15-20天)、分株或扦插(秋季或早春)。

发育期(年): 3年

深度: 0.1-0.2厘米。

指南针: 25-35 X 50-80厘米。

移植: 秋季-冬季-春季。

协会: 茄子、土豆、西红柿和卷心菜。

悲哀: 锄草;除草;用稻草保护,防止霜冻和冬季感冒;春季修剪。

浇水: 滴水不漏,只在大旱时期。

昆虫学和植物病理学

虫害: 线虫和红蜘蛛螨虫。

疾病: 它们的影响不大,只有一些真菌。

See_also: 食谱:菠菜蛋糕配巧克力糖衣

事故: 它不耐受水涝和过度潮湿。

收获和使用

何时收获: 对于油料来说,收获季节是4月至5月。 只应从第二年开始,在开花初期,在干燥的日子里收获。 每年可以进行两次切割(第二次切割通常在8月底-9月初进行)。

生产: 1000-6000公斤/公顷的新鲜植物。100公斤的新鲜百里香可产生600-1000克的精华。

储存条件: 应在阴凉处的烘干机中烘干。

营养价值: 花含有黄酮类化合物、粘液、酚类化合物(80%)、咖啡酸、皂甙、单宁酸、维生素B1和C以及一些矿物元素。 精油含有胡荽酚和百里香酚。

消费的季节: 6月至10月。

用途: 它被用于调味各种菜肴,如比萨饼、番茄酱、肉酱等。 在药用方面,它是一种兴奋剂、香脂、防腐剂(抗菌和抗真菌)、抗癌剂、抗氧化剂(延缓衰老),对上呼吸道感染(支气管炎、咳嗽、腹泻)和治疗胃溃疡有效。 它还被用作外用的芳香精油还可用于香水、肥皂制造和化妆品中。

Charles Cook

Charles Cook is a passionate horticulturist, blogger, and avid plant lover, dedicated to sharing his knowledge and love for gardens, plants, and decoration. With over two decades of experience in the field, Charles has honed his expertise and turned his passion into a career.Growing up on a farm, surrounded by lush greenery, Charles developed a deep appreciation for nature's beauty from an early age. He would spend hours exploring the vast fields and tending to various plants, nurturing a love for gardening that would follow him throughout his life.After graduating with a degree in horticulture from a prestigious university, Charles embarked on his professional journey, working in various botanical gardens and nurseries. This invaluable hands-on experience allowed him to gain a deep understanding of different plant species, their unique requirements, and the art of landscape design.Recognizing the power of online platforms, Charles decided to start his blog, offering a virtual space for fellow garden enthusiasts to gather, learn, and find inspiration. His engaging and informative blog, filled with captivating videos, helpful tips, and the latest news, has garnered a loyal following from gardeners of all levels.Charles believes that a garden is not just a collection of plants, but a living, breathing sanctuary that can bring joy, tranquility, and connection to nature. Heendeavors to unravel the secrets of successful gardening, providing practical advice on plant care, design principles, and innovative decoration ideas.Beyond his blog, Charles frequently collaborates with gardening professionals, participates in workshops and conferences, and even contributes articles to prominent gardening publications. His passion for gardens and plants knows no bounds, and he tirelessly seeks to expand his knowledge, always striving to bring fresh and exciting content to his readers.Through his blog, Charles aims to inspire and encourage others to unlock their own green thumbs, believing that anyone can create a beautiful, thriving garden with the right guidance and a sprinkle of creativity. His warm and genuine writing style, coupled with his wealth of expertise, ensures that readers will be enthralled and empowered to embark on their own garden adventures.When Charles isn't busy tending to his own garden or sharing his expertise online, he enjoys exploring botanical gardens around the world, capturing the beauty of flora through his camera lens. With a deep-rooted commitment to nature conservation, he actively advocates for sustainable gardening practices, cultivating an appreciation for the fragile ecosystem we inhabit.Charles Cook, a true plant aficionado, invites you to join him on a journey of discovery, as he opens the doors to the captivatingworld of gardens, plants, and decoration through his captivating blog and enchanting videos.