中国大葱

 中国大葱

Charles Cook

在东方,中国的韭菜被认为是 "蔬菜中的宝石",被广泛用于烹饪。

演示文稿

通用名称 韭菜、韭菜、大蒜、韭菜、野蒜、东方大蒜、野葱。

学名 块茎类植物 A. ramosum (野生变种),以前被指定为A. odorum。

来源 中亚和北亚(西伯利亚和蒙古)。

家庭 百合科或万寿菊科。

特点 草本植物,多年生球茎植物,叶子细长,浅绿色或深绿色,狭窄(直径1-2厘米),形成

鳞茎或根茎的直径为1厘米,每年都会生长,根部从这里长出新芽。 花朵形成白色星形伞状。

施肥/授粉 花是雌雄同体的,由蜜蜂和其他昆虫授粉,在6-10月间出现。

历史事实 在中国和日本有数千年的栽培历史,广泛用于中国、尼泊尔、韩国、越南和印度的菜肴,被描述为 "蔬菜中的宝石"。

See_also: 了解葡萄牙的野生兰花

生物周期 活泼的,它的寿命在7至30年之间。

最广泛种植的品种 有的品种最好是用它的叶子,有的品种是用它的花。

对于叶子 "湿婆"、"宽叶"、"宽带"、"广羽"、"新带"。

鲜花用 "开花的中国韭菜、年华和嫩芽。 Monstrosum品种的叶子更大,但却是一种观赏性植物。

可食用部分 叶子、花(花蕾),味道像洋葱和大蒜。

环境条件

地面 它适应沙质和粘土,但土壤应适度富含腐殖质,排水良好,土层深厚,湿润而新鲜。 pH值应为5.2-8.3,可容忍更多的碱性土壤。

See_also: 贬义词,心灵之树

气候区 温带、热带和亚热带。

最适宜的温度 :18-25ºC 最小:4-5ºC 最大:40ºC。

发芽 15-20 °C.

发展停滞 4°C.

太阳照射 部分阴凉或全日照(6小时以上)。

相对湿度 高。

受精

受精 羊粪、牛粪、咖啡渣和用稀释好的牛泥浆浇灌。 也喜欢堆肥。

绿肥 琉璃苣、大田豆和黑麦草。

营养需求 3:1:3 +Ca(氮:磷:钾)。

栽培技术

土壤准备 用耕地机浅浅地翻动土壤(10-15厘米)。

种植/播种的日期 4-5月或9-11月在室外或2-3月在温室中用播种盘播种,然后移栽。

发芽时间 10-20天。

种植/播种的类型 通过种子直接入土或放在种子盘中。 当植株长到2岁时(春季或秋季),将球茎分割并放置在另一个地方。

发芽期(年) 1-2(种子应该是黑色的,有一个白点)。

深度 0.5-1厘米。

指南针 间隔为20×25厘米或25×30厘米的束状物。

移植 当它有10厘米高或2-4个月后。

协会 胡萝卜、瑞士甘蓝、甜菜、葡萄树、玫瑰花丛、洋甘菊和番茄。

轮换 每7年从花坛中移除。

ǞǞǞ 将植物割离地面5厘米,以便它们在春天再次生长;为它们除草。

浇水 只有在春季和夏季,才能始终保持土壤湿润和凉爽。

昆虫学和植物病理学

虫害 它通常不受影响,但蚜虫、洋葱蝇和蓟马会零星出现。

疾病 霉菌、白霉和铁锈。

收获和使用

何时收割 在靠近地面(3厘米)的地方采摘叶子,几乎全年都可以,当叶子长到5-10厘米时--你可以在每一个地方切3-8刀。

在中国,落地的白色部分非常珍贵。 在真正的花朵出现之前(春季-夏季),仍处于花蕾中的花朵被剪掉。 第一次收获应该在第2年才进行,以便让根茎生长。

生产 1.5-2.0吨/公顷/年的叶片。

储存条件 可以用冰块冷冻,或放在塑料袋里放在冰箱里(1周)。

营养价值 它有2.6%的蛋白质,0.6%的脂肪和2.4%的碳水化合物。 它还含有维生素A、B1和C。

精油是那些含有大蒜素和阿利那的精油。

用途

叶子 花朵或其 "花蕾 "可以食用,可用于为沙拉调味。

药用 它是一种具有抗菌、强心、去污、消化、刺激和调理肠胃特性的植物。 它能改善肝脏功能,减少失禁。 在印度,油被用来治疗伤口和昆虫叮咬。

专家建议

它是一种非常容易照顾的植物,一旦生了根,然后可以用许多不同的方式切割,可以用于烹饪。 要小心对待这种植物,因为它很快就会蔓延到附近的地方,入侵一切(它能自我播种)。

在澳大利亚被认为是一种危险的杂草,它吸引蝴蝶、蜜蜂,并驱赶飞蛾和鼹鼠。 在家庭花园中,只需种植6-12株,即可全年收获。

Charles Cook

Charles Cook is a passionate horticulturist, blogger, and avid plant lover, dedicated to sharing his knowledge and love for gardens, plants, and decoration. With over two decades of experience in the field, Charles has honed his expertise and turned his passion into a career.Growing up on a farm, surrounded by lush greenery, Charles developed a deep appreciation for nature's beauty from an early age. He would spend hours exploring the vast fields and tending to various plants, nurturing a love for gardening that would follow him throughout his life.After graduating with a degree in horticulture from a prestigious university, Charles embarked on his professional journey, working in various botanical gardens and nurseries. This invaluable hands-on experience allowed him to gain a deep understanding of different plant species, their unique requirements, and the art of landscape design.Recognizing the power of online platforms, Charles decided to start his blog, offering a virtual space for fellow garden enthusiasts to gather, learn, and find inspiration. His engaging and informative blog, filled with captivating videos, helpful tips, and the latest news, has garnered a loyal following from gardeners of all levels.Charles believes that a garden is not just a collection of plants, but a living, breathing sanctuary that can bring joy, tranquility, and connection to nature. Heendeavors to unravel the secrets of successful gardening, providing practical advice on plant care, design principles, and innovative decoration ideas.Beyond his blog, Charles frequently collaborates with gardening professionals, participates in workshops and conferences, and even contributes articles to prominent gardening publications. His passion for gardens and plants knows no bounds, and he tirelessly seeks to expand his knowledge, always striving to bring fresh and exciting content to his readers.Through his blog, Charles aims to inspire and encourage others to unlock their own green thumbs, believing that anyone can create a beautiful, thriving garden with the right guidance and a sprinkle of creativity. His warm and genuine writing style, coupled with his wealth of expertise, ensures that readers will be enthralled and empowered to embark on their own garden adventures.When Charles isn't busy tending to his own garden or sharing his expertise online, he enjoys exploring botanical gardens around the world, capturing the beauty of flora through his camera lens. With a deep-rooted commitment to nature conservation, he actively advocates for sustainable gardening practices, cultivating an appreciation for the fragile ecosystem we inhabit.Charles Cook, a true plant aficionado, invites you to join him on a journey of discovery, as he opens the doors to the captivatingworld of gardens, plants, and decoration through his captivating blog and enchanting videos.