牛油果树

 牛油果树

Charles Cook

一种富含健康脂肪、维生素和矿物质的水果,特别是B群,如维生素B9、B6、B5和B3,维生素K和E。

See_also: 有机高丽菜方法

鳄梨(Persea americana)是一种原产于中美洲和南美洲的大树,其果实含有大量的单不饱和脂肪,因其健康特性而被越来越多的人食用。 栽培已扩散到许多亚热带和温带地区,包括欧洲,其中西班牙是最大的生产商。 墨西哥是世界最大的生产商、多米尼加共和国、秘鲁、哥伦比亚、印度尼西亚和巴西紧随其后。 雨量充沛的气候有利于牛油果树的生长和果实的大小。 由于其饮食特性,其消费量一直在增长,美国、欧洲和日本的进口量占世界产量的很大比例,尽管在美国,有大量的自产产品。加利福尼亚州,美国是世界十大生产国之一。

栽培和收获

为了授粉和开花受精,栽培品种被分为A和B两组,每组至少应种植一个,或将两组品种嫁接到同一根茎上,以方便受精。 除了A组和B组的500多个品种外,一般还根据产地划分:墨西哥(Persea americana var. drymifolia)、确保这种授粉能确保良好的口径和优质的果实。 在葡萄牙,商业生产主要在阿尔加维发展,那里有最有利的条件来种植这种受霜冻影响的物种。 然而,鳄梨树对水的要求很高,这应该是品种'Gwen'、'Hass'、'Pinkerton'、'Reed'属于A组,'Sharwil'、'Fuerte'、'Pollock'或'Bacon'属于B组。 我们强烈建议你购买嫁接植物,它们很早就开始生产。收获工作在果实落下之前进行,以免破坏果实。 收获工作必须在干燥的天气下进行,由于存在许多品种,所以一年中大部分时间都在进行。

维护

牛油果种植需要大量的水,这可能会影响到容易发生干旱的地区或水资源已经受到过度压力的地区。 灌溉对于商业果园的盈利性种植是必不可少的,对于水果具有理想的大小和良好的果肉比例也是如此。 即使在后院或小型果园,灌溉也意味着以下的区别修剪也是非常重要的,它可以控制一般生长旺盛的树木,确保树冠更加通气和平衡,以及更好地分配果实,甚至可以消除不是很旺盛、干燥或有病的树枝。 施肥可以用粪肥或经过充分晒制的堆肥,因为鳄梨树喜欢肥沃的土壤不仅在种植期间,而且在此后的定期时间内,都要在有机物中添加。

See_also: 无花果叶的生物学方法

虫害和疾病

鳄梨树会受到各种细菌和真菌疾病以及其他因营养过剩或缺乏而导致的疾病的影响。 其中最严重的是细菌性腐烂病,但其他疾病如炭疽病、霜霉病、白粉病、各种类型的腐烂和霉菌也会影响它们。可以使用夏季油或波尔多混合物等产品来预防和打击害虫。

属性和用途

牛油果是一种富含健康脂肪的水果,被用于许多烹饪菜肴中,特别是在其原产地。 它的主要用途之一是用于酱汁,如鳄梨酱、沙拉和咸菜,但它也被用于冰沙或单独食用。 它还被用于制作寿司和一些素食菜肴,作为肉类的替代品。 还从果实中提取一种油,用于牛油果的叶子在一些国家也用于烹饪。 至于其营养特性,除了富含健康脂肪外,牛油果还有许多维生素和矿物质,特别是B族维生素,如维生素B9、B6、B5和B3,维生素K和E,但维生素A含量较少。钾、锌、锰、镁和磷含量高。 应该注意的是,牛油果的叶子、皮、果皮和石头对许多动物有毒,包括一些鸟类、狗、猫、牛、山羊、兔子、豚鼠、各种鱼类和马。

Charles Cook

Charles Cook is a passionate horticulturist, blogger, and avid plant lover, dedicated to sharing his knowledge and love for gardens, plants, and decoration. With over two decades of experience in the field, Charles has honed his expertise and turned his passion into a career.Growing up on a farm, surrounded by lush greenery, Charles developed a deep appreciation for nature's beauty from an early age. He would spend hours exploring the vast fields and tending to various plants, nurturing a love for gardening that would follow him throughout his life.After graduating with a degree in horticulture from a prestigious university, Charles embarked on his professional journey, working in various botanical gardens and nurseries. This invaluable hands-on experience allowed him to gain a deep understanding of different plant species, their unique requirements, and the art of landscape design.Recognizing the power of online platforms, Charles decided to start his blog, offering a virtual space for fellow garden enthusiasts to gather, learn, and find inspiration. His engaging and informative blog, filled with captivating videos, helpful tips, and the latest news, has garnered a loyal following from gardeners of all levels.Charles believes that a garden is not just a collection of plants, but a living, breathing sanctuary that can bring joy, tranquility, and connection to nature. Heendeavors to unravel the secrets of successful gardening, providing practical advice on plant care, design principles, and innovative decoration ideas.Beyond his blog, Charles frequently collaborates with gardening professionals, participates in workshops and conferences, and even contributes articles to prominent gardening publications. His passion for gardens and plants knows no bounds, and he tirelessly seeks to expand his knowledge, always striving to bring fresh and exciting content to his readers.Through his blog, Charles aims to inspire and encourage others to unlock their own green thumbs, believing that anyone can create a beautiful, thriving garden with the right guidance and a sprinkle of creativity. His warm and genuine writing style, coupled with his wealth of expertise, ensures that readers will be enthralled and empowered to embark on their own garden adventures.When Charles isn't busy tending to his own garden or sharing his expertise online, he enjoys exploring botanical gardens around the world, capturing the beauty of flora through his camera lens. With a deep-rooted commitment to nature conservation, he actively advocates for sustainable gardening practices, cultivating an appreciation for the fragile ecosystem we inhabit.Charles Cook, a true plant aficionado, invites you to join him on a journey of discovery, as he opens the doors to the captivatingworld of gardens, plants, and decoration through his captivating blog and enchanting videos.